Retraining a whole image model is slow and costly. A LoRA instead learns a thin layer of adjustments from a focused set of reference images and sits on top of the base model. Switch it on and the model reliably reproduces that face or style; switch it off and the model is unchanged.
In fashion it is the usual way to keep one person consistent. Without it, an AI fashion model drifts from shot to shot: the jaw softens, the eyes change colour, the hairline moves. With it, the same face can appear across a catalogue and the next season's too.